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Marginality and Needs of Dietary Valine for Broilers Fed Certain All-Vegetable Diets¹

A. Corzo^*,2, M. T. Kidd^*, W. A. Dozier, III and S. L. Vieira

^* Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762; USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Mississippi State, MS 39762; and Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

Correspondence: ² Corresponding author: acorzo{at}poultry.msstate.edu

Valine is likely the fourth limiting amino acid in most diets based on corn and soybean meal (C/SBM). However, the exact needs for Val are not well known, and information regarding it is sparse. A series of studies was conducted to validate the limitation of Val in all-vegetable diets fed to broilers, and subsequently to quantify an adequate ratio to Lys in high-yield late-developing broilers (Ross x Ross 708) from 21 to 42 d. A preliminary study was designed to evaluate the supplementation of different amino acids likely to be fourth limiting on a C/SBM-based diet, where Lys, TSAA, and Thr were supplemented but no other critical amino acids were given minimums in the formulation. Results obtained for BW gain, abdominal fat weight, and abdominal fat percentage showed that birds were more responsive (P < 0.05) to L-Val supplementation. A follow-up study using a corn-peanut meal (C/PM)-based diet formulated to be deficient in Val validated (P < 0.05) a Val deficiency based on poor growth performance and resulted in an immediate return to good performance when this amino acid was supplemented. Furthermore, the C/PM diet was compared with a nutritionally similar C/SBM diet, and no difference was observed in the performance of broilers fed these diets, thus validating the ability of the C/PM-based diet to support adequate growth of these broilers. This C/PM-based diet was used to feed gradual concentrations of Val, from levels that would be considered deficient (0.59% digestible) up to adequate (0.84% digestible Val). Results indicate that a ratio of Val to Lys of 78, or a minimum dietary value of 0.74% digestible Val (0.82% total Val), should be adequate for this high-yield broiler grown from 21 to 42 d of age.

Key Words: breast meat yield • broiler • lysine • valine

¹ This is journal article number J11064 from the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, supported by MIS-322220. Use of trade names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station or USDA-Agricultural Research Service of the products or of similar ones not mentioned.