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Ochratoxin A in Laying Hens: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Detection and Cytological and Histological Analysis of Target Tissues

Dipartimento di Sanità e Benessere degli Animali, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Bari, Strada Provinciale per Casamassima, km 3, 70010 (BA), Italy

Correspondence: ¹ Corresponding author: e.ceci{at}veterinaria.uniba.it

Ochratoxins are fungal secondary metabolites that contaminate grains, legumes, coffee, dried fruits, beer, wine, and meat. Ochratoxins are considered powerful nephrotoxins, carcinogens, teratogens, and immunotoxins in rats and likely in humans. In 2006 during a pilot program of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point in the Apulian region, Southern Italy, ochratoxin A (OA) was detected in commercial feed for laying hens in 2 farms. The OA-contaminated feed had been administered to animals for at least 2 mo. Analysis by HPLC with fluorometric detection of the tissues of 4 layer hens that displayed gross and microscopical lesions identified OA in the kidney (8.7 to 16.9 µg/ kg, average 13.65 ± 3.58 µg/kg) and liver (3.7 to 5.1 µg/kg, average 4.43 ± 0.64 µg/kg) but not in the other tissues.

Key Words: ochratoxin A • high-performance liquid chromatography • kidney • liver