HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Friedman, A. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Friedman, A.

Oral Tolerance in Birds and Mammals: Digestive Tract Development Determines the Strategy¹

Section of Immunology, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel

Correspondence: ² Corresponding author: fridman{at}agri.huji.ac.il

Development of oral (or airway) vaccines to be used for the vaccination of poultry is clearly a necessity because the process of individual bird vaccination is time-consuming and costly. One of the key issues to resolve in this context is whether the vaccine is protected from oral tolerance. Oral tolerance is a form of immune tolerance that is induced following the feeding of protein antigens dissolved in water or aqueous buffers. The issue is particularly relevant in cases in which nonpathogenic subunit protein vaccines are considered as vaccines. These short peptides/proteins contain the immunogenic moiety of the parent pathogen, but they lack the capacity to induce inflammation, and an antigen in the absence of inflammation might induce tolerance. The following review summarizes our main observations on mechanisms of oral tolerance in the chicken, compares these findings to what is known in the mammal, and provides some insight for developing strategies for oral vaccination of poultry.

Key Words: oral tolerance • immune response • dietary protein • chicken • mouse

¹ This paper was presented as part of the 2007 PSA Informal Nutrition Symposium: The Impact of Imprinting on Biological and Economic Performance of Animals, San Antonio, Texas.

³ Aharon Friedman is incumbent of the Ron Barbaro Chair in Veterinary Medicine.