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Toxicity of Weed Seeds Common to the Southeastern United States: A Review

Department of Dairy and Poultry Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0920; Phone: (352) 392-1958; FAX: (352) 392-5595

Correspondence: B. L. Damron

The object of this review was to bring together in one place pertinent research findings concerning the toxicity of weed seeds commonly encountered as grain contaminants in the Southeastern United States. The physical characteristics of the plants are described along with any unique utilization of the plant or seed by other human cultures. The toxic compound or group of compounds is given when known, along with the common name or names used in the industry. Histological changes or anomalies as well as physical and performance-related symptoms are discussed for a range of species. Information from literature searches is summarized concerning crotalaria, Cassia obtusifolia, Cassia occidentalis, sesbania, jimson weed, and cockleburs.

Key Words: Cassia obtusifolia • Cassia occidentalis • cockleburs • crotalaria • jimsonweed • sesbania • toxicity • weed seeds