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Monitoring the Immune Status of Broiler Breeders Against Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Using Progeny Challenge and Serologic Data

Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University, AL 36849-5416; Phone: (334) 844-2642; FAX: (334) 844-2641

T. Brown

Department of Avian Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30601

K. Takeshita

IGI Vineland, Vineland, NJ 08360

J. J. Giambrone

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV)-induced immunosuppression causes sub-optimum performance in broilers. Integrators use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as an indication of breeder vaccine success. The IBDV challenge of progeny correlates more closely to performance than does ELISA. Four IBDV serologic and challenge studies were undertaken using progeny from integrators to determine the efficacy of vaccination programs. All breeders received two live and two inactivated vaccines. For each experiment, day-old progeny were taken from six breeder flocks. At 2 wk, 15 progeny per flock were challenged with the serologic standard (STD) virus, 15 per flock with variant E, and 15 per flock with one of four variants (GA, ARK-1, ARK-2, and MISS). Percent protection for the STD were close to the MISS and ARK-1 isolates, whereas percent protection for the ARK-2 and GA isolates was similar to variant E. The new ELISA was improved over previous products and correlated with resistance to challenge against the STD, MISS, and ARK-1, but not with the other isolates. Therefore, producers must improve their vaccination programs or risk continued problems due to antigenic variants.

Key Words: Challenge • IBDV • immune suppression • monitoring • progeny

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