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Turkey Hen Zinc Source Affects Progeny Immunity and Disease Resistance

Department of Poultry Science and the Interdepartmental Nutrition Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608; Phone: (919) 515-5554; FAX: (919) 515-2625

Correspondence: M. T. Kidd

Progeny immunocompetence and disease resistance from turkey hens receiving dietary supplemental zinc was investigated. Twelve hens received a diet that contained 82 mg/kg Zn. Diets were supplemented with 40 mg/kg Zn sulfate (ZnSO₄) or 40 mg/kg Zn methionine (ZnM) and analyzed to contain 122 and 118 mg/kg total Zn, respectively (six replications per treatment). Progeny received a corn and soybean meal diet containing 92 mg/kg Zn. Hens supplemented with ZnM had progeny with heavier (P. 05) bursa of Fabricius as a percentage of poult body weight (BW). Blood monocytes were isolated from poults at 7 days of age, and hens receiving ZnM had progeny with higher (P. 01) blood leukocyte Zn concentrations. Cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity response elicited by phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) was higher (P. 05) in progeny from hens supplemented with ZnM. Subsequent hypersensitivity measurements with PHA-P or pokeweed mitogen did not differ between Zn sources. Macrophage function of poults was evaluated after Bordetella avium inoculation. Poults from hens supplemented with ZnM had higher (P. 06) percentage macrophages adhered to glass surfaces. However, poults from hens supplemented with ZnM had depressed 21-day BW (P. 05) after B. avium inoculation. Results indicate that dietary ZnM supplementation to hens may aid progeny immune organ development and enhance nonspecific immunity. However, progeny from hens supplemented with ZnM had a depressed BW after B. avium infection that may have been due to a heightened immune response.

Key Words: Bordetella avium • cellular immunity • macrophage • progeny • turkey • zinc methionine

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