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Air Emissions in Poultry Production: Current Challenges and Future Directions

W. J. Powers^*, C. R. Angel and T. J. Applegate

^* Department of Animal Science, 109 Kildee Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011
Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, 4131 Animal Sciences Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 50742
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907

Correspondence: C. R. Angel, E-mail: rangel{at}umd.edu

In the last few years, regulatory focus has been on nutrient management from animal feeding operations with recent emphasis on air emissions. The main challenge is establishing current emission levels and determining best methodologies for measuring these accurately. Methodologies to measure air emissions under field and research conditions are currently available and are being further developed, but extensive challenges exist as to accuracy and precision of the different methods. Current best estimates are based on a mass balance modeling approach [1], but due to lack of current biologically generated data to use in the models, nutrient excretion and emission levels appear to be overestimated by these models. Extensive work is being conducted using dietary strategies to reduce nitrogenous excretions from poultry, but the impact of these on air emissions is not always defined. Litter management strategies that reduce volatilization of nitrogenous and other compounds have shown promise and are being further developed. Flock, house, and whole farm management strategies are also being successfully implemented and further developed. The magnitude of the potential impact on air emissions of each of these strategies is still in question. There is no question, however, as to the need for the use of whole farm systems that implement different strategies at all management levels if large decreases in air emissions from animal feeding operations are to be achieved.

Key Words: air emissions • ammonia • poultry • mass balance • particulate

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